Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) was an English philosopher, political theorist, and social contract theorist. He is best known for his famous work, Leviathan, where he argued that the natural state of human beings is a war of all against all and that a strong sovereign power is necessary to maintain order and prevent chaos. Hobbes believed that human beings are naturally selfish and violent, driven by their own desires and instincts. He also believed that political authority should be absolute and that individuals should surrender their natural rights to the state in exchange for security and protection.
Francis Bacon (1561-1626) was an English philosopher, statesman, and scientist. He is known for his contributions to modern science, particularly the development of the scientific method. He believed that knowledge should be based on empirical evidence and observation, rather than on speculation or theory. Bacon was also a strong advocate of practical knowledge, arguing that science should be used to improve people's lives and solve real-world problems. He was a prominent figure in the English Renaissance, known for his innovative ideas and his influence on later thinkers.
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